Solar PV Analysis of Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina
The location at Kakanj, Federation of B&H, Bosnia and Herzegovina is suitable for generating energy via solar PV panels, but its effectiveness varies throughout the year. In simpler terms, how much electricity you can generate from your solar panels depends on the time of year.
During summer, you can expect to generate a lot of electricity - around 6.82 kilowatt-hours per day for each kilowatt of solar panels installed. This drops in autumn to about 3.06 kWh/day and further drops during winter to around 1.72 kWh/day due to shorter daylight hours and potentially more cloud cover. The generation picks up again in spring with around 4.77 kWh/day.
So if you're considering when to rely most on your solar panels for power at this location, summer would be the best time followed by spring.
For a fixed panel installation here, tilting your panels at an angle of 37 degrees towards the south would give you the most amount of sunlight over the course of a year.
As far as local factors that might affect your solar production go, it's important to consider things like weather patterns or physical features in Kakanj that could block sunlight from reaching your panels such as tall buildings or trees. Also consider any potential issues related to dust or snow accumulation on the panel surface which could reduce their efficiency.
To help ensure greater energy production despite these factors:
1) Install your system where there are no obstructions blocking sunlight.
2) Regularly clean and maintain your system - remove any dust or snow from the surface.
3) Consider using tracking systems that follow sun's movement across sky for maximum exposure (though this may involve additional cost).
Remember though that these are general recommendations; always consult with local experts before installing a new system!
Note: The Northern Temperate Zone extends from 35° latitude North up to 66.5° latitude.
So far, we have conducted calculations to evaluate the solar photovoltaic (PV) potential in 39 locations across Bosnia And Herzegovina. This analysis provides insights into each city/location's potential for harnessing solar energy through PV installations.
Link: Solar PV potential in Bosnia And Herzegovina by location
Solar output per kW of installed solar PV by season in Kakanj
Seasonal solar PV output for Latitude: 44.1332, Longitude: 18.1244 (Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina), based on our analysis of 8760 hourly intervals of solar and meteorological data (one whole year) retrieved for that set of coordinates/location from NASA POWER (The Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources) API:
Ideally tilt fixed solar panels 37° South in Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina
To maximize your solar PV system's energy output in Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina (Lat/Long 44.1332, 18.1244) throughout the year, you should tilt your panels at an angle of 37° South for fixed panel installations.
As the Earth revolves around the Sun each year, the maximum angle of elevation of the Sun varies by +/- 23.45 degrees from its equinox elevation angle for a particular latitude. Finding the exact optimal angle to maximise solar PV production throughout the year can be challenging, but with careful consideration of historical solar energy and meteorological data for a certain location, it can be done precisely.
We use our own calculation, which incorporates NASA solar and meteorological data for the exact Lat/Long coordinates, to determine the ideal tilt angle of a solar panel that will yield maximum annual solar output. We calculate the optimal angle for each day of the year, taking into account its contribution to the yearly total PV potential at that specific location.
Seasonally adjusted solar panel tilt angles for Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina
If you can adjust the tilt angle of your solar PV panels, please refer to the seasonal tilt angles below for optimal solar energy production in Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina. As mentioned earlier, for fixed-panel solar PV installations, it is optimal to maintain a 37° South tilt angle throughout the year.
| Overall Best Summer Angle | Overall Best Autumn Angle | Overall Best Winter Angle | Overall Best Spring Angle |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28° South in Summer | 47° South in Autumn | 58° South in Winter | 36° South in Spring |
Our recommendations take into account more than just latitude and Earth's position in its elliptical orbit around the Sun. We also incorporate historical solar and meteorological data from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) API to assign a weight to each ideal angle for each day based on its historical contribution to overall solar PV potential during a specific season.
This approach allows us to provide much more accurate recommendations than relying solely on latitude, as it considers unique weather conditions in different locations sharing the same latitude worldwide.
Calculate solar panel row spacing in Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina
We've added a feature to calculate minimum solar panel row spacing by location. Enter your panel size and orientation below to get the minimum spacing in Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina.
Our calculation method
- Solar Position:
We determine the Sun's position on the Winter solstice using the location's latitude and solar declination. - Shadow Projection:
We calculate the shadow length cast by panels using trigonometry, considering panel tilt and the Sun's elevation angle. - Minimum Spacing:
We add the shadow length to the horizontal space occupied by tilted panels.
This approach ensures maximum space efficiency while avoiding shading during critical times, as the Winter solstice represents the worst-case scenario for shadow length.
Topography for solar PV around Kakanj, Bosnia And Herzegovina
Kakanj, Bosnia, and Herzegovina is located in a mountainous region characterized by hilly terrain with valleys and plateaus. The area has an abundance of forests, rivers, and lakes. The town itself lies in the valley of the Zgošća river.
The suitability for large-scale solar PV installations would depend on several factors including sunlight exposure, land availability and slope, proximity to electrical grids for power transmission, etc.
1. Flat Areas: Large-scale solar PV installations require flat or gently sloping lands for maximum efficiency. In this regard, the plateaus around Kakanj could be suitable.
2. Sunlight Exposure: Bosnia and Herzegovina have a good amount of annual sunshine hours which makes it suitable for solar energy production.
3. Proximity to Grid: Areas closer to the existing electrical grid would be more suited as it reduces the cost of transmitting power generated from these plants.
4. Land Availability: Areas where land is readily available either unused or non-agricultural lands would be ideal as it does not interfere with food production or cause deforestation.
However, detailed site-specific studies including solar irradiation assessment will need to be carried out before identifying exact locations suitable for large-scale Solar PV around Kakanj.
Citation Guide
Article Details for Citation
Author: Aaron Robinson
Publisher: profileSOLAR.com
First Published: Saturday 30th of December 2023
Last Updated: Monday 21st of July 2025
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Compare this location to others worldwide for solar PV potential
The solar PV analyses available on our website, including this one, are offered as a free service to the global community. Our aim is to provide education and aid informed decision-making regarding solar PV installations.
However, please note that these analyses are general guidance and may not meet specific project requirements. For in-depth, tailored forecasts and analysis crucial for feasibility studies or when pursuing maximum ROI from your solar projects, feel free to contact us; we offer comprehensive consulting services expressly for this purpose.
Helping you assess viability of solar PV for your site
Calculate Your Optimal Solar Panel Tilt Angle: A Comprehensive Guide
Enhance your solar panel's performance with our in-depth guide. Determine the best tilt angle using hard data, debunk common misunderstandings, and gain insight into how your specific location affects solar energy production.
