Demak, Central Java, Indonesia, located at latitude -6.8906 and longitude 110.6434, presents a promising location for solar energy generation throughout the year. This tropical region benefits from consistent sunlight, with seasons primarily characterized by wet and dry periods rather than temperature variations.

Seasonal Solar Performance

The solar energy output in Demak shows relatively stable performance across all seasons, with slight variations: Spring sees the highest production at 5.93 kWh per day for each kW of installed solar capacity. Autumn and Winter follow closely, with 5.66 kWh/day and 5.58 kWh/day, respectively. Summer, interestingly, has the lowest output at 4.34 kWh/day, likely due to increased cloud cover during the wet season. This consistent year-round performance makes Demak an excellent location for solar PV installations, with the potential for reliable energy generation throughout the year. The slightly lower output in Summer suggests that the dry season (typically occurring in Spring and early Summer) might be the most productive period for solar energy generation.

Optimal Panel Tilt

For fixed solar panel installations in Demak, Central Java, the ideal tilt angle to maximize year-round energy production is 8 degrees facing North. This slight tilt helps optimize the panels' exposure to sunlight throughout the year, accounting for the location's proximity to the equator and the Earth's elliptical orbit.

Environmental Considerations

While Demak's tropical climate is generally favorable for solar energy production, there are some environmental factors to consider: 1. High humidity levels can potentially lead to condensation on solar panels, affecting their efficiency. 2. The region's wet season may bring increased cloud cover and rainfall, temporarily reducing solar output. 3. Tropical storms, though infrequent, could pose a risk to solar installations. To mitigate these factors, consider the following preventative measures: 1. Use corrosion-resistant materials and proper sealing to protect against humidity. 2. Implement a regular cleaning schedule to remove dust and debris, especially during the dry season. 3. Install robust mounting systems capable of withstanding strong winds during storms. 4. Consider adding a backup energy storage system to ensure consistent power supply during periods of reduced solar output. By taking these precautions, solar installations in Demak can maximize their energy production potential and maintain long-term efficiency in this tropical environment.

Note: The Tropics are located between 23.5° North and -23.5° South of the equator.

So far, we have conducted calculations to evaluate the solar photovoltaic (PV) potential in 151 locations across Indonesia. This analysis provides insights into each city/location's potential for harnessing solar energy through PV installations.

Link: Solar PV potential in Indonesia by location

Solar output per kW of installed solar PV by season in Demak

Seasonal solar PV output for Latitude: -6.8906, Longitude: 110.6434 (Demak, Indonesia), based on our analysis of 8760 hourly intervals of solar and meteorological data (one whole year) retrieved for that set of coordinates/location from NASA POWER (The Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources) API:

 

Ideally tilt fixed solar panels 8° North in Demak, Indonesia

To maximize your solar PV system's energy output in Demak, Indonesia (Lat/Long -6.8906, 110.6434) throughout the year, you should tilt your panels at an angle of 8° North for fixed panel installations.

As the Earth revolves around the Sun each year, the maximum angle of elevation of the Sun varies by +/- 23.45 degrees from its equinox elevation angle for a particular latitude. Finding the exact optimal angle to maximise solar PV production throughout the year can be challenging, but with careful consideration of historical solar energy and meteorological data for a certain location, it can be done precisely.

We use our own calculation, which incorporates NASA solar and meteorological data for the exact Lat/Long coordinates, to determine the ideal tilt angle of a solar panel that will yield maximum annual solar output. We calculate the optimal angle for each day of the year, taking into account its contribution to the yearly total PV potential at that specific location.

Seasonally adjusted solar panel tilt angles for Demak, Indonesia

If you can adjust the tilt angle of your solar PV panels, please refer to the seasonal tilt angles below for optimal solar energy production in Demak, Indonesia. As mentioned earlier, for fixed-panel solar PV installations, it is optimal to maintain a 8° North tilt angle throughout the year.

Overall Best Summer Angle	Overall Best Autumn Angle	Overall Best Winter Angle	Overall Best Spring Angle
9° South in Summer	13° North in Autumn	22° North in Winter	2° North in Spring

Our recommendations take into account more than just latitude and Earth's position in its elliptical orbit around the Sun. We also incorporate historical solar and meteorological data from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) API to assign a weight to each ideal angle for each day based on its historical contribution to overall solar PV potential during a specific season.

This approach allows us to provide much more accurate recommendations than relying solely on latitude, as it considers unique weather conditions in different locations sharing the same latitude worldwide.

Calculate solar panel row spacing in Demak, Indonesia

We've added a feature to calculate minimum solar panel row spacing by location. Enter your panel size and orientation below to get the minimum spacing in Demak, Indonesia.

Our calculation method

1. Solar Position:
   We determine the Sun's position on the Winter solstice using the location's latitude and solar declination.
2. Shadow Projection:
   We calculate the shadow length cast by panels using trigonometry, considering panel tilt and the Sun's elevation angle.
3. Minimum Spacing:
   We add the shadow length to the horizontal space occupied by tilted panels.

This approach ensures maximum space efficiency while avoiding shading during critical times, as the Winter solstice represents the worst-case scenario for shadow length.

Topography for solar PV around Demak, Indonesia

The topography around Demak, Indonesia, is characterized by its predominantly flat and low-lying terrain. Located on the northern coast of Central Java, Demak sits in a coastal plain that extends inland for several kilometers. The landscape is primarily composed of alluvial deposits, resulting in fertile soil that has long been used for agriculture, particularly rice cultivation. As you move away from the coast, the land gradually rises, but remains relatively flat for a considerable distance. This gentle slope is hardly noticeable to the casual observer, giving the impression of an expansive, level plain. The area is crisscrossed by numerous rivers and irrigation canals, which have played a crucial role in shaping both the natural environment and human settlement patterns. To the south and southeast of Demak, the terrain begins to show more variation. Here, the landscape transitions into gently rolling hills, providing a subtle contrast to the flatlands closer to the coast. These undulations become more pronounced as one moves further inland, eventually giving way to the more mountainous regions of central Java.

Suitability for Large-Scale Solar PV

When considering areas nearby that would be most suited to large-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) installations, several factors come into play. The flat, open areas surrounding Demak offer promising potential for solar energy development. These expansive plains provide ample space for the deployment of solar panels without the need for significant land modification. The regions to the south and southeast of Demak, where the terrain begins to undulate, could also be suitable for solar PV projects. These slightly elevated areas may benefit from reduced risk of flooding compared to the lower coastal plains. Additionally, the gentle slopes could be advantageous for optimal panel orientation, potentially increasing energy capture efficiency. However, it's important to note that much of the land around Demak is currently used for agriculture. Any large-scale solar development would need to carefully consider the balance between energy production and preserving valuable agricultural land. Areas that are less productive for farming or have been set aside for development might be prime candidates for solar PV installations. Coastal areas, while flat and open, may be less suitable due to the risk of flooding and potential salt spray, which could damage solar equipment over time. Instead, locations a few kilometers inland, where the elevation is slightly higher but the land remains level, could offer an ideal compromise between accessibility and environmental suitability for large-scale solar PV projects.

Indonesia solar PV Stats as a country

Indonesia ranks 71st in the world for cumulative solar PV capacity, with 211 total MW's of solar PV installed. Each year Indonesia is generating 1 Watts from solar PV per capita (Indonesia ranks 88th in the world for solar PV Watts generated per capita). [source]

Are there incentives for businesses to install solar in Indonesia?

Yes, there are several incentives for businesses wanting to install solar energy in Indonesia. The Indonesian government has implemented a number of policies and programs to encourage the adoption of renewable energy sources such as solar power. These include tax exemptions, subsidies, feed-in tariffs, and other financial incentives. Additionally, the government has established a Renewable Energy Fund which provides grants for research and development projects related to renewable energy technologies.

Do you have more up to date information than this on incentives towards solar PV projects in Indonesia? Please reach out to us and help us keep this information current. Thanks!

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Compare this location to others worldwide for solar PV potential

The solar PV analyses available on our website, including this one, are offered as a free service to the global community. Our aim is to provide education and aid informed decision-making regarding solar PV installations.

However, please note that these analyses are general guidance and may not meet specific project requirements. For in-depth, tailored forecasts and analysis crucial for feasibility studies or when pursuing maximum ROI from your solar projects, feel free to contact us; we offer comprehensive consulting services expressly for this purpose.

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Calculate Your Optimal Solar Panel Tilt Angle: A Comprehensive Guide

Enhance your solar panel's performance with our in-depth guide. Determine the best tilt angle using hard data, debunk common misunderstandings, and gain insight into how your specific location affects solar energy production.