Kenari, Jakarta, Indonesia, located at latitude -6.1924 and longitude 106.8453, offers a promising environment for solar energy generation throughout the year. This tropical location benefits from consistent sunlight, with seasons primarily characterized by wet and dry periods rather than traditional temperature-based seasons.

Solar Energy Potential

The solar energy production potential in Kenari is remarkably stable across all meteorological seasons. Spring sees the highest output at 5.40 kWh per day for each kilowatt of installed solar capacity, closely followed by autumn at 5.33 kWh/day. Winter maintains a strong performance at 5.06 kWh/day, while summer, interestingly, has the lowest output at 4.68 kWh/day, though still considerable. This consistency in energy production throughout the year is a significant advantage for solar installations in Kenari. It allows for reliable energy generation and easier planning for energy needs, as there are no dramatic seasonal fluctuations to account for.

Optimal Panel Positioning

For fixed solar panel installations in Kenari, Jakarta, the ideal tilt angle to maximize year-round production is 7 degrees facing North. This slight tilt helps optimize the panels' exposure to sunlight throughout the year, taking into account the location's proximity to the equator and the sun's path across the sky.

Environmental Considerations

While Kenari's tropical climate is generally favorable for solar energy production, there are some environmental factors to consider: 1. High humidity: The tropical climate can lead to increased moisture, potentially affecting solar panel efficiency and lifespan. 2. Heavy rainfall: During the wet season, frequent and intense rainfalls could temporarily reduce solar output. To mitigate these issues, several preventative measures can be taken: - Use high-quality, weather-resistant solar panels designed for tropical climates. - Implement regular cleaning and maintenance schedules to prevent buildup of dirt and debris. - Install proper drainage systems to prevent water accumulation on or around the panels. - Consider slightly increasing the tilt angle to facilitate natural cleaning by rainwater. By addressing these factors, solar installations in Kenari can maintain high efficiency and longevity, making the most of the location's excellent solar potential throughout the year.

Note: The Tropics are located between 23.5° North and -23.5° South of the equator.

So far, we have conducted calculations to evaluate the solar photovoltaic (PV) potential in 151 locations across Indonesia. This analysis provides insights into each city/location's potential for harnessing solar energy through PV installations.

Link: Solar PV potential in Indonesia by location

Solar output per kW of installed solar PV by season in Kenari

Seasonal solar PV output for Latitude: -6.1924, Longitude: 106.8453 (Kenari, Indonesia), based on our analysis of 8760 hourly intervals of solar and meteorological data (one whole year) retrieved for that set of coordinates/location from NASA POWER (The Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources) API:

 

Ideally tilt fixed solar panels 7° North in Kenari, Indonesia

To maximize your solar PV system's energy output in Kenari, Indonesia (Lat/Long -6.1924, 106.8453) throughout the year, you should tilt your panels at an angle of 7° North for fixed panel installations.

As the Earth revolves around the Sun each year, the maximum angle of elevation of the Sun varies by +/- 23.45 degrees from its equinox elevation angle for a particular latitude. Finding the exact optimal angle to maximise solar PV production throughout the year can be challenging, but with careful consideration of historical solar energy and meteorological data for a certain location, it can be done precisely.

We use our own calculation, which incorporates NASA solar and meteorological data for the exact Lat/Long coordinates, to determine the ideal tilt angle of a solar panel that will yield maximum annual solar output. We calculate the optimal angle for each day of the year, taking into account its contribution to the yearly total PV potential at that specific location.

Seasonally adjusted solar panel tilt angles for Kenari, Indonesia

If you can adjust the tilt angle of your solar PV panels, please refer to the seasonal tilt angles below for optimal solar energy production in Kenari, Indonesia. As mentioned earlier, for fixed-panel solar PV installations, it is optimal to maintain a 7° North tilt angle throughout the year.

Overall Best Summer Angle	Overall Best Autumn Angle	Overall Best Winter Angle	Overall Best Spring Angle
10° South in Summer	13° North in Autumn	22° North in Winter	1° North in Spring

Our recommendations take into account more than just latitude and Earth's position in its elliptical orbit around the Sun. We also incorporate historical solar and meteorological data from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) API to assign a weight to each ideal angle for each day based on its historical contribution to overall solar PV potential during a specific season.

This approach allows us to provide much more accurate recommendations than relying solely on latitude, as it considers unique weather conditions in different locations sharing the same latitude worldwide.

Calculate solar panel row spacing in Kenari, Indonesia

We've added a feature to calculate minimum solar panel row spacing by location. Enter your panel size and orientation below to get the minimum spacing in Kenari, Indonesia.

Our calculation method

1. Solar Position:
   We determine the Sun's position on the Winter solstice using the location's latitude and solar declination.
2. Shadow Projection:
   We calculate the shadow length cast by panels using trigonometry, considering panel tilt and the Sun's elevation angle.
3. Minimum Spacing:
   We add the shadow length to the horizontal space occupied by tilted panels.

This approach ensures maximum space efficiency while avoiding shading during critical times, as the Winter solstice represents the worst-case scenario for shadow length.

Topography for solar PV around Kenari, Indonesia

The area around Kenari, Indonesia, which is located in Jakarta, is predominantly flat and low-lying. This region is part of the larger Jakarta metropolitan area, situated on the northwestern coast of Java Island. The topography is characterized by a coastal plain that gradually rises towards the south.

Much of the immediate area surrounding Kenari is heavily urbanized, with dense residential and commercial development. The terrain is mostly level, with minimal natural elevation changes. As you move further from the city center, you may encounter slightly more varied topography, but it remains relatively flat overall.

To the south and southeast of Jakarta, the land begins to rise gently, transitioning into low hills and eventually into the volcanic mountains of central Java. However, this change in elevation occurs quite far from Kenari itself.

Regarding areas nearby that would be most suited for large-scale solar PV (photovoltaic) installations, there are a few considerations:

1. The urban nature of Kenari and its surroundings makes it challenging to find large, open spaces for solar farms within the immediate vicinity. However, rooftop solar installations could be a viable option on larger commercial or industrial buildings in the area.

2. For ground-mounted solar farms, it would be necessary to look further outside the city, perhaps to the east or southeast of Jakarta, where there might be more available land. These areas, being slightly elevated and away from the coast, could potentially offer better conditions for solar energy generation.

3. The regions to the south, as they begin to rise in elevation, could also be suitable for solar PV installations. These areas might benefit from clearer skies and less urban pollution, which can impact solar panel efficiency.

4. It's important to note that Indonesia's tropical climate, with its high humidity and frequent cloud cover, can pose challenges for solar energy production. Any large-scale solar PV project would need to carefully consider these factors, as well as the potential for flooding in low-lying areas closer to the coast.

Overall, while the immediate area around Kenari may not be ideal for large-scale solar farms due to urban development, there are potential opportunities for solar energy development in the broader region surrounding Jakarta, particularly in areas with more open space and slightly higher elevation.

Indonesia solar PV Stats as a country

Indonesia ranks 71st in the world for cumulative solar PV capacity, with 211 total MW's of solar PV installed. Each year Indonesia is generating 1 Watts from solar PV per capita (Indonesia ranks 88th in the world for solar PV Watts generated per capita). [source]

Are there incentives for businesses to install solar in Indonesia?

Yes, there are several incentives for businesses wanting to install solar energy in Indonesia. The Indonesian government has implemented a number of policies and programs to encourage the adoption of renewable energy sources such as solar power. These include tax exemptions, subsidies, feed-in tariffs, and other financial incentives. Additionally, the government has established a Renewable Energy Fund which provides grants for research and development projects related to renewable energy technologies.

Do you have more up to date information than this on incentives towards solar PV projects in Indonesia? Please reach out to us and help us keep this information current. Thanks!

Citation Guide

Article Details for Citation

Tell Us About Your Work

We love seeing how our research helps others! If you've cited this article in your work, we'd be delighted to hear about it. Drop us a line via our Contact Us page or on X, to share where you've used our information - we may feature a link to your work on our site. This helps create a network of valuable resources for others in the solar energy community and helps us understand how our research is contributing to the field. Plus, we occasionally highlight exceptional works that reference our research on our social media channels.

Feeling generous?

Share this with your friends!

Compare this location to others worldwide for solar PV potential

The solar PV analyses available on our website, including this one, are offered as a free service to the global community. Our aim is to provide education and aid informed decision-making regarding solar PV installations.

However, please note that these analyses are general guidance and may not meet specific project requirements. For in-depth, tailored forecasts and analysis crucial for feasibility studies or when pursuing maximum ROI from your solar projects, feel free to contact us; we offer comprehensive consulting services expressly for this purpose.

Helping you assess viability of solar PV for your site

Calculate Your Optimal Solar Panel Tilt Angle: A Comprehensive Guide

Enhance your solar panel's performance with our in-depth guide. Determine the best tilt angle using hard data, debunk common misunderstandings, and gain insight into how your specific location affects solar energy production.