Pengarengan, Jakarta, Indonesia, located at -6.1868 latitude and 106.9293 longitude, offers a promising environment for solar energy generation throughout the year. This tropical location benefits from consistent sunlight, with seasons primarily characterized by wet and dry periods rather than traditional temperature-based seasons.

Year-round Solar Potential

The solar energy output in Pengarengan remains relatively stable across all meteorological seasons. Spring sees the highest production at 5.40 kWh per day for each kilowatt of installed solar capacity, followed closely by autumn at 5.33 kWh/day. Winter maintains a strong output of 5.06 kWh/day, while summer, surprisingly, has the lowest output at 4.68 kWh/day per kW installed. This consistent performance throughout the year makes Pengarengan an ideal location for solar PV installations. The minimal variation between seasons ensures a reliable energy supply, reducing the need for extensive energy storage solutions or backup power systems.

Optimal Panel Tilt

For fixed solar panel installations in Pengarengan, Jakarta, the ideal tilt angle to maximize year-round production is 7 degrees facing North. This slight tilt helps optimize the panels' exposure to sunlight throughout the year, accounting for the location's proximity to the equator and the Earth's elliptical orbit.

Environmental Considerations

While Pengarengan's tropical climate is generally favorable for solar energy production, there are some environmental factors to consider: 1. High humidity: The tropical climate can lead to increased humidity, potentially affecting solar panel efficiency and lifespan. 2. Heavy rainfall: During the wet season, frequent rain may temporarily reduce solar output. To mitigate these factors, consider the following preventative measures:

• Use high-quality, weather-resistant solar panels designed for tropical climates
• Implement regular cleaning and maintenance schedules to prevent dust and debris accumulation
• Install panels at the optimal tilt angle to promote natural cleaning during rainfall
• Ensure proper drainage systems to prevent water accumulation on or around the panels

By addressing these environmental considerations, solar installations in Pengarengan can maintain high efficiency and longevity, making the most of the location's excellent year-round solar potential.

Note: The Tropics are located between 23.5° North and -23.5° South of the equator.

So far, we have conducted calculations to evaluate the solar photovoltaic (PV) potential in 151 locations across Indonesia. This analysis provides insights into each city/location's potential for harnessing solar energy through PV installations.

Link: Solar PV potential in Indonesia by location

Solar output per kW of installed solar PV by season in Pengarengan

Seasonal solar PV output for Latitude: -6.1868, Longitude: 106.9293 (Pengarengan, Indonesia), based on our analysis of 8760 hourly intervals of solar and meteorological data (one whole year) retrieved for that set of coordinates/location from NASA POWER (The Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources) API:

 

Ideally tilt fixed solar panels 7° North in Pengarengan, Indonesia

To maximize your solar PV system's energy output in Pengarengan, Indonesia (Lat/Long -6.1868, 106.9293) throughout the year, you should tilt your panels at an angle of 7° North for fixed panel installations.

As the Earth revolves around the Sun each year, the maximum angle of elevation of the Sun varies by +/- 23.45 degrees from its equinox elevation angle for a particular latitude. Finding the exact optimal angle to maximise solar PV production throughout the year can be challenging, but with careful consideration of historical solar energy and meteorological data for a certain location, it can be done precisely.

We use our own calculation, which incorporates NASA solar and meteorological data for the exact Lat/Long coordinates, to determine the ideal tilt angle of a solar panel that will yield maximum annual solar output. We calculate the optimal angle for each day of the year, taking into account its contribution to the yearly total PV potential at that specific location.

Seasonally adjusted solar panel tilt angles for Pengarengan, Indonesia

If you can adjust the tilt angle of your solar PV panels, please refer to the seasonal tilt angles below for optimal solar energy production in Pengarengan, Indonesia. As mentioned earlier, for fixed-panel solar PV installations, it is optimal to maintain a 7° North tilt angle throughout the year.

Overall Best Summer Angle	Overall Best Autumn Angle	Overall Best Winter Angle	Overall Best Spring Angle
10° South in Summer	13° North in Autumn	22° North in Winter	1° North in Spring

Our recommendations take into account more than just latitude and Earth's position in its elliptical orbit around the Sun. We also incorporate historical solar and meteorological data from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) API to assign a weight to each ideal angle for each day based on its historical contribution to overall solar PV potential during a specific season.

This approach allows us to provide much more accurate recommendations than relying solely on latitude, as it considers unique weather conditions in different locations sharing the same latitude worldwide.

Calculate solar panel row spacing in Pengarengan, Indonesia

We've added a feature to calculate minimum solar panel row spacing by location. Enter your panel size and orientation below to get the minimum spacing in Pengarengan, Indonesia.

Our calculation method

1. Solar Position:
   We determine the Sun's position on the Winter solstice using the location's latitude and solar declination.
2. Shadow Projection:
   We calculate the shadow length cast by panels using trigonometry, considering panel tilt and the Sun's elevation angle.
3. Minimum Spacing:
   We add the shadow length to the horizontal space occupied by tilted panels.

This approach ensures maximum space efficiency while avoiding shading during critical times, as the Winter solstice represents the worst-case scenario for shadow length.

Topography for solar PV around Pengarengan, Indonesia

The area around Pengarengan, Indonesia, which is located in the northern part of Java Island, is characterized by a mix of urban and rural landscapes. The topography is generally flat to gently rolling, typical of coastal plains near major cities. This region is part of the greater Jakarta metropolitan area, known as Jabodetabek.

The immediate surroundings of Pengarengan consist of densely populated urban and suburban areas. As you move slightly away from the city center, you'll find more open spaces, including agricultural lands and some scattered patches of vegetation. The terrain gradually rises as you go further inland, but remains relatively low-lying compared to the mountainous regions found in central Java.

To the north of Pengarengan lies the Java Sea, with its flat coastal areas and occasional mangrove forests. To the south, the land slowly gains elevation, transitioning into more rural landscapes with rice paddies, small farms, and occasional forested areas.

Regarding areas suitable for large-scale solar PV (photovoltaic) installations, the most promising locations would be found outside the densely populated urban core. The ideal spots would be:

1. Rural areas to the south and southeast of Pengarengan, where there are more open spaces and less urban development. These areas receive ample sunlight and have relatively flat terrain, making them suitable for solar panel installation.
2. Unused or underutilized agricultural lands in the surrounding regions. Some farmers might be open to leasing part of their land for solar projects, providing an additional income stream.
3. Industrial zones or large commercial areas with vast, flat rooftops. While not strictly "topographical," these urban features could support significant solar installations without requiring additional land use.

It's important to note that while the topography is generally favorable for solar PV in this region, other factors such as land availability, grid connectivity, and local regulations would also play crucial roles in determining the feasibility of large-scale solar projects. Additionally, care should be taken to balance renewable energy development with the preservation of agricultural lands and natural habitats in the area.

Indonesia solar PV Stats as a country

Indonesia ranks 71st in the world for cumulative solar PV capacity, with 211 total MW's of solar PV installed. Each year Indonesia is generating 1 Watts from solar PV per capita (Indonesia ranks 88th in the world for solar PV Watts generated per capita). [source]

Are there incentives for businesses to install solar in Indonesia?

Yes, there are several incentives for businesses wanting to install solar energy in Indonesia. The Indonesian government has implemented a number of policies and programs to encourage the adoption of renewable energy sources such as solar power. These include tax exemptions, subsidies, feed-in tariffs, and other financial incentives. Additionally, the government has established a Renewable Energy Fund which provides grants for research and development projects related to renewable energy technologies.

Do you have more up to date information than this on incentives towards solar PV projects in Indonesia? Please reach out to us and help us keep this information current. Thanks!

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Compare this location to others worldwide for solar PV potential

The solar PV analyses available on our website, including this one, are offered as a free service to the global community. Our aim is to provide education and aid informed decision-making regarding solar PV installations.

However, please note that these analyses are general guidance and may not meet specific project requirements. For in-depth, tailored forecasts and analysis crucial for feasibility studies or when pursuing maximum ROI from your solar projects, feel free to contact us; we offer comprehensive consulting services expressly for this purpose.

Helping you assess viability of solar PV for your site

Calculate Your Optimal Solar Panel Tilt Angle: A Comprehensive Guide

Enhance your solar panel's performance with our in-depth guide. Determine the best tilt angle using hard data, debunk common misunderstandings, and gain insight into how your specific location affects solar energy production.