The location at Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan, in the Northern Sub Tropics, is pretty good for generating energy via solar photovoltaic (PV) panels throughout the year. The amount of electricity you can generate from each kilowatt (kW) of installed solar varies by season:

- In summer, you can expect to produce around 7.06 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per day.
- In autumn, this drops to about 5.22 kWh/day.
- Winter sees the lowest production with approximately 4.00 kWh/day.
- Springtime generation increases again to roughly 6.71 kWh/day.

Therefore, it's clear that summer and spring are the most ideal times for generating solar power at this location due to higher sunlight exposure.

For a fixed panel installation at this location, tilting your panels towards south at an angle of 29 degrees will help maximize total year-round electricity production from your solar PV system.

However, there could be some local factors like environmental conditions or weather patterns that might affect solar production in Sargodha:

1. Dust and Pollution: These could potentially decrease the efficiency of your panels by blocking sunlight if they're not regularly cleaned.
2. Atmospheric Conditions: Certain atmospheric conditions like cloud cover and haze might also reduce sunlight availability especially during winter months when sunshine hours are already low.

To ensure greater energy production despite these challenges:

1. Regular Maintenance: Keep your solar panels clean and free from dust or other pollutants as much as possible.
2. Optimal Installation: Make sure that nothing obstructs direct sunlight reaching your panels such as trees or buildings nearby; install them in a place where they get maximum sun exposure throughout the day.

Remember though - even with these potential challenges - on balance Sargodha is still a good place for harnessing solar energy thanks to its favourable geographic position within northern subtropical latitudes which ensures ample sun exposure for most of the year.

Note: The Northern Sub Tropics extend from 23.5° latitude North up to 35° latitude.

So far, we have conducted calculations to evaluate the solar photovoltaic (PV) potential in 130 locations across Pakistan. This analysis provides insights into each city/location's potential for harnessing solar energy through PV installations.

Link: Solar PV potential in Pakistan by location

Solar output per kW of installed solar PV by season in Sargodha

Seasonal solar PV output for Latitude: 32.2918, Longitude: 72.7052 (Sargodha, Pakistan), based on our analysis of 8760 hourly intervals of solar and meteorological data (one whole year) retrieved for that set of coordinates/location from NASA POWER (The Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources) API:

Average 7.06kWh/day in Summer.

Average 5.22kWh/day in Autumn.

Average 4.00kWh/day in Winter.

Average 6.71kWh/day in Spring.

Ideally tilt fixed solar panels 29° South in Sargodha, Pakistan

To maximize your solar PV system's energy output in Sargodha, Pakistan (Lat/Long 32.2918, 72.7052) throughout the year, you should tilt your panels at an angle of 29° South for fixed panel installations.

As the Earth revolves around the Sun each year, the maximum angle of elevation of the Sun varies by +/- 23.45 degrees from its equinox elevation angle for a particular latitude. Finding the exact optimal angle to maximise solar PV production throughout the year can be challenging, but with careful consideration of historical solar energy and meteorological data for a certain location, it can be done precisely.

We use our own calculation, which incorporates NASA solar and meteorological data for the exact Lat/Long coordinates, to determine the ideal tilt angle of a solar panel that will yield maximum annual solar output. We calculate the optimal angle for each day of the year, taking into account its contribution to the yearly total PV potential at that specific location.

At Latitude: 32.2918, Longitude: 72.7052, the ideal angle to tilt panels is 29° South

Seasonally adjusted solar panel tilt angles for Sargodha, Pakistan

If you can adjust the tilt angle of your solar PV panels, please refer to the seasonal tilt angles below for optimal solar energy production in Sargodha, Pakistan. As mentioned earlier, for fixed-panel solar PV installations, it is optimal to maintain a 29° South tilt angle throughout the year.

Our recommendations take into account more than just latitude and Earth's position in its elliptical orbit around the Sun. We also incorporate historical solar and meteorological data from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) API to assign a weight to each ideal angle for each day based on its historical contribution to overall solar PV potential during a specific season.

This approach allows us to provide much more accurate recommendations than relying solely on latitude, as it considers unique weather conditions in different locations sharing the same latitude worldwide.

Calculate solar panel row spacing in Sargodha, Pakistan

We've added a feature to calculate minimum solar panel row spacing by location. Enter your panel size and orientation below to get the minimum spacing in Sargodha, Pakistan.

Our calculation method

1. Solar Position:
   We determine the Sun's position on the Winter solstice using the location's latitude and solar declination.
2. Shadow Projection:
   We calculate the shadow length cast by panels using trigonometry, considering panel tilt and the Sun's elevation angle.
3. Minimum Spacing:
   We add the shadow length to the horizontal space occupied by tilted panels.

This approach ensures maximum space efficiency while avoiding shading during critical times, as the Winter solstice represents the worst-case scenario for shadow length.

Topography for solar PV around Sargodha, Pakistan

Sargodha, Pakistan is located in the Punjab province and is characterized by flat plains suitable for agriculture. The area has a semi-arid climate with very hot summers and mild winters. The region doesn't have significant hills or mountains which would obstruct sunlight.

Considering these factors, Sargodha could potentially be an excellent location for large-scale solar PV installations due to its flat topography and high levels of sunlight throughout the year. Areas that are less utilized for agriculture or regions that are barren could be most suited for such projects as it wouldn't interfere with the local agricultural activities.

However, before initiating any large-scale project, it's essential to conduct a detailed site-specific study considering various factors like land use pattern, local climatic conditions, availability of infrastructure etc., to ensure the viability and sustainability of the project.

Pakistan solar PV Stats as a country

Pakistan ranks 42nd in the world for cumulative solar PV capacity, with 1,083 total MW's of solar PV installed. Each year Pakistan is generating 6 Watts from solar PV per capita (Pakistan ranks 78th in the world for solar PV Watts generated per capita). [source]

Are there incentives for businesses to install solar in Pakistan?

Yes, there are incentives for businesses wanting to install solar energy in Pakistan. The government of Pakistan has implemented a number of policies and initiatives to promote the use of renewable energy sources such as solar power. These include tax exemptions, subsidies, and other financial incentives for businesses that install solar systems. Additionally, the government has also set up a Renewable Energy Development Fund (REDF) which provides grants and loans to support renewable energy projects.

Do you have more up to date information than this on incentives towards solar PV projects in Pakistan? Please reach out to us and help us keep this information current. Thanks!

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Compare this location to others worldwide for solar PV potential

The solar PV analyses available on our website, including this one, are offered as a free service to the global community. Our aim is to provide education and aid informed decision-making regarding solar PV installations.

However, please note that these analyses are general guidance and may not meet specific project requirements. For in-depth, tailored forecasts and analysis crucial for feasibility studies or when pursuing maximum ROI from your solar projects, feel free to contact us; we offer comprehensive consulting services expressly for this purpose.

Helping you assess viability of solar PV for your site

Calculate Your Optimal Solar Panel Tilt Angle: A Comprehensive Guide

Enhance your solar panel's performance with our in-depth guide. Determine the best tilt angle using hard data, debunk common misunderstandings, and gain insight into how your specific location affects solar energy production.

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