Khartoum North, Sudan, located at latitude 15.6483 and longitude 32.5245, presents a favorable environment for solar energy generation throughout the year. This tropical location benefits from consistent sunlight, with seasons primarily distinguished by wet and dry periods rather than significant temperature fluctuations.

Seasonal Solar Performance

The solar energy output at this location demonstrates impressive consistency across all seasons. Spring stands out as the most productive period, with an average daily output of 8.00 kWh per kW of installed solar capacity. Summer follows closely behind at 7.17 kWh/day, while autumn and winter maintain strong performance at 6.84 kWh/day and 6.45 kWh/day, respectively.

Optimal Panel Positioning

For fixed solar panel installations in Khartoum North, the ideal tilt angle to maximize year-round energy production is 15 degrees facing South. This angle has been calculated to optimize solar capture throughout the year, taking into account the Earth's elliptical orbit and the location's specific latitude.

Environmental Considerations

While Khartoum North's climate is generally conducive to solar energy production, there are some environmental factors to consider: 1. Dust and sand: The region's arid climate can lead to dust accumulation on solar panels, potentially reducing their efficiency. 2. High temperatures: Extreme heat during summer months may slightly decrease panel efficiency. To mitigate these issues, regular panel cleaning and maintenance should be implemented. Additionally, installing panels with a slight tilt (as recommended) can help with natural dust removal during occasional rains. Choosing high-quality, heat-resistant panels and ensuring proper ventilation during installation can help maintain efficiency in high temperatures.

Conclusion

Overall, Khartoum North presents an excellent location for solar PV installations. With consistently high solar energy potential throughout the year and only minor environmental challenges, this site offers a promising opportunity for sustainable energy production. By implementing appropriate maintenance measures and optimizing panel placement, solar installations in this area can achieve high levels of efficiency and reliability.

Note: The Tropics are located between 23.5° North and -23.5° South of the equator.

So far, we have conducted calculations to evaluate the solar photovoltaic (PV) potential in 7 locations across Sudan. This analysis provides insights into each city/location's potential for harnessing solar energy through PV installations.

Link: Solar PV potential in Sudan by location

Solar output per kW of installed solar PV by season in Khartoum North

Seasonal solar PV output for Latitude: 15.6483, Longitude: 32.5245 (Khartoum North, Sudan), based on our analysis of 8760 hourly intervals of solar and meteorological data (one whole year) retrieved for that set of coordinates/location from NASA POWER (The Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources) API:

 

Ideally tilt fixed solar panels 15° South in Khartoum North, Sudan

To maximize your solar PV system's energy output in Khartoum North, Sudan (Lat/Long 15.6483, 32.5245) throughout the year, you should tilt your panels at an angle of 15° South for fixed panel installations.

As the Earth revolves around the Sun each year, the maximum angle of elevation of the Sun varies by +/- 23.45 degrees from its equinox elevation angle for a particular latitude. Finding the exact optimal angle to maximise solar PV production throughout the year can be challenging, but with careful consideration of historical solar energy and meteorological data for a certain location, it can be done precisely.

We use our own calculation, which incorporates NASA solar and meteorological data for the exact Lat/Long coordinates, to determine the ideal tilt angle of a solar panel that will yield maximum annual solar output. We calculate the optimal angle for each day of the year, taking into account its contribution to the yearly total PV potential at that specific location.

Seasonally adjusted solar panel tilt angles for Khartoum North, Sudan

If you can adjust the tilt angle of your solar PV panels, please refer to the seasonal tilt angles below for optimal solar energy production in Khartoum North, Sudan. As mentioned earlier, for fixed-panel solar PV installations, it is optimal to maintain a 15° South tilt angle throughout the year.

Overall Best Summer Angle	Overall Best Autumn Angle	Overall Best Winter Angle	Overall Best Spring Angle
0° in Summer	22° South in Autumn	31° South in Winter	9° South in Spring

Our recommendations take into account more than just latitude and Earth's position in its elliptical orbit around the Sun. We also incorporate historical solar and meteorological data from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) API to assign a weight to each ideal angle for each day based on its historical contribution to overall solar PV potential during a specific season.

This approach allows us to provide much more accurate recommendations than relying solely on latitude, as it considers unique weather conditions in different locations sharing the same latitude worldwide.

Calculate solar panel row spacing in Khartoum North, Sudan

We've added a feature to calculate minimum solar panel row spacing by location. Enter your panel size and orientation below to get the minimum spacing in Khartoum North, Sudan.

Our calculation method

1. Solar Position:
   We determine the Sun's position on the Winter solstice using the location's latitude and solar declination.
2. Shadow Projection:
   We calculate the shadow length cast by panels using trigonometry, considering panel tilt and the Sun's elevation angle.
3. Minimum Spacing:
   We add the shadow length to the horizontal space occupied by tilted panels.

This approach ensures maximum space efficiency while avoiding shading during critical times, as the Winter solstice represents the worst-case scenario for shadow length.

Topography for solar PV around Khartoum North, Sudan

The topography around Khartoum North, Sudan, is characterized by relatively flat terrain with some gentle undulations. This area is part of the broader Khartoum region, which sits at the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers. The landscape is predominantly arid and desert-like, with sparse vegetation consisting mainly of drought-resistant shrubs and grasses.

The elevation in Khartoum North is generally low, averaging around 380 meters (1,250 feet) above sea level. The terrain gradually rises as you move away from the Nile River, but there are no significant hills or mountains in the immediate vicinity. The flat nature of the land is a result of centuries of sediment deposition by the Nile River, creating a vast alluvial plain.

When considering areas nearby that would be most suited to large-scale solar PV (photovoltaic) installations, several factors come into play. The ideal locations would be areas with:

• Minimal shading from natural or artificial structures
• Good exposure to sunlight throughout the day
• Relatively flat terrain to simplify installation and reduce costs
• Proximity to existing infrastructure for easier grid connection
• Low agricultural or ecological value to minimize environmental impact

Given these criteria, the most suitable areas for large-scale solar PV near Khartoum North would likely be the desert regions to the north and east of the city. These areas offer vast expanses of flat, open land with excellent solar exposure and minimal competing land uses. The desert climate also ensures clear skies for much of the year, maximizing solar energy potential.

However, it's important to note that while these areas may be topographically ideal, other factors such as proximity to power transmission infrastructure, water availability for panel cleaning, and accessibility for construction and maintenance would also need to be considered in selecting specific sites for solar PV development.

Sudan solar PV Stats as a country

Sudan ranks 82nd in the world for cumulative solar PV capacity, with 136 total MW's of solar PV installed. Each year Sudan is generating 3 Watts from solar PV per capita (Sudan ranks 84th in the world for solar PV Watts generated per capita). [source]

Are there incentives for businesses to install solar in Sudan?

At this time, there are no incentives for businesses wanting to install solar energy in Sudan. However, the government of Sudan has recently announced plans to increase its renewable energy capacity and is encouraging private sector investment in renewable energy projects. The government has also established a Renewable Energy Fund to support the development of renewable energy projects.

Do you have more up to date information than this on incentives towards solar PV projects in Sudan? Please reach out to us and help us keep this information current. Thanks!

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Compare this location to others worldwide for solar PV potential

The solar PV analyses available on our website, including this one, are offered as a free service to the global community. Our aim is to provide education and aid informed decision-making regarding solar PV installations.

However, please note that these analyses are general guidance and may not meet specific project requirements. For in-depth, tailored forecasts and analysis crucial for feasibility studies or when pursuing maximum ROI from your solar projects, feel free to contact us; we offer comprehensive consulting services expressly for this purpose.

Helping you assess viability of solar PV for your site

Calculate Your Optimal Solar Panel Tilt Angle: A Comprehensive Guide

Enhance your solar panel's performance with our in-depth guide. Determine the best tilt angle using hard data, debunk common misunderstandings, and gain insight into how your specific location affects solar energy production.