Damascus, Syria is a pretty good location for generating solar energy year-round. However, the amount of electricity you can generate changes with each season. In simple terms, if you install 1 kW of solar panels at this location, here's what you can expect:

- Summer: You'll get about 8.81 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity per day.
- Autumn: The output drops to around 5.42 kWh/day.
- Winter: It goes down further to about 3.49 kWh/day.
- Spring: Things start picking up again with approximately 7.36 kWh/day.

So your best time for generating solar power would be in summer and spring when the sun shines longer and brighter.

To get the most out of your solar panels throughout the year, it's recommended that they're tilted at an angle of 28 degrees facing south. This position helps capture as much sunlight as possible across all seasons.

Now let's talk about things that could potentially hinder your solar production in Damascus:

The city has a semi-arid climate which means there isn't much rainfall which is good news for solar power generation since rain reduces sunlight exposure on panels but dust storms are not uncommon in this region and dust accumulation on panels may reduce their efficiency by blocking sunlight.

Preventive measures such as regular cleaning of the panels are necessary to ensure they operate efficiently especially after sandstorms or high winds that carry dust particles onto panel surfaces.

Also consider installing some form of wind protection if possible because strong winds can potentially damage the installation or cause misalignment thus reducing its effectiveness.

In summary, while there might be some challenges related to weather conditions like dust storms and occasional strong winds; overall Damascus offers a favorable environment for harnessing solar energy provided that preventive measures are taken into account during installation and maintenance periods.

Note: The Northern Sub Tropics extend from 23.5° latitude North up to 35° latitude.

So far, we have conducted calculations to evaluate the solar photovoltaic (PV) potential in 8 locations across Syria. This analysis provides insights into each city/location's potential for harnessing solar energy through PV installations.

Link: Solar PV potential in Syria by location

Solar output per kW of installed solar PV by season in Damascus

Seasonal solar PV output for Latitude: 33.5194, Longitude: 36.2888 (Damascus, Syria), based on our analysis of 8760 hourly intervals of solar and meteorological data (one whole year) retrieved for that set of coordinates/location from NASA POWER (The Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources) API:

Average 8.81kWh/day in Summer.

Average 5.42kWh/day in Autumn.

Average 3.49kWh/day in Winter.

Average 7.36kWh/day in Spring.

Ideally tilt fixed solar panels 28° South in Damascus, Syria

To maximize your solar PV system's energy output in Damascus, Syria (Lat/Long 33.5194, 36.2888) throughout the year, you should tilt your panels at an angle of 28° South for fixed panel installations.

As the Earth revolves around the Sun each year, the maximum angle of elevation of the Sun varies by +/- 23.45 degrees from its equinox elevation angle for a particular latitude. Finding the exact optimal angle to maximise solar PV production throughout the year can be challenging, but with careful consideration of historical solar energy and meteorological data for a certain location, it can be done precisely.

We use our own calculation, which incorporates NASA solar and meteorological data for the exact Lat/Long coordinates, to determine the ideal tilt angle of a solar panel that will yield maximum annual solar output. We calculate the optimal angle for each day of the year, taking into account its contribution to the yearly total PV potential at that specific location.

At Latitude: 33.5194, Longitude: 36.2888, the ideal angle to tilt panels is 28° South

Seasonally adjusted solar panel tilt angles for Damascus, Syria

If you can adjust the tilt angle of your solar PV panels, please refer to the seasonal tilt angles below for optimal solar energy production in Damascus, Syria. As mentioned earlier, for fixed-panel solar PV installations, it is optimal to maintain a 28° South tilt angle throughout the year.

Our recommendations take into account more than just latitude and Earth's position in its elliptical orbit around the Sun. We also incorporate historical solar and meteorological data from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) API to assign a weight to each ideal angle for each day based on its historical contribution to overall solar PV potential during a specific season.

This approach allows us to provide much more accurate recommendations than relying solely on latitude, as it considers unique weather conditions in different locations sharing the same latitude worldwide.

Calculate solar panel row spacing in Damascus, Syria

We've added a feature to calculate minimum solar panel row spacing by location. Enter your panel size and orientation below to get the minimum spacing in Damascus, Syria.

Our calculation method

1. Solar Position:
   We determine the Sun's position on the Winter solstice using the location's latitude and solar declination.
2. Shadow Projection:
   We calculate the shadow length cast by panels using trigonometry, considering panel tilt and the Sun's elevation angle.
3. Minimum Spacing:
   We add the shadow length to the horizontal space occupied by tilted panels.

This approach ensures maximum space efficiency while avoiding shading during critical times, as the Winter solstice represents the worst-case scenario for shadow length.

Topography for solar PV around Damascus, Syria

Damascus, the capital of Syria, is situated in the southwestern part of the country. It lies on a plateau 680 meters above sea level and is surrounded by mountains on three sides. The Qasioun Mountain to the north overlooks the city while the Anti-Lebanon Mountains flank it from the west and south.

The region experiences a semi-arid climate with hot summers and mild winters, indicating good potential for solar power generation. However, considering topography for large-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) installations, flat areas are preferred as they require less site preparation work which can significantly reduce installation costs.

Given these factors, potential suitable areas nearby Damascus for large-scale solar PV could include:

1. Eastern Ghouta: Located to the east of Damascus city center, this area consists mainly of farmland making it relatively flat and potentially suitable for large-scale solar PV installations.

2. South Damascus Plains: This area south of Damascus has relatively flat terrain that could be suitable for such projects.

3. Areas towards Palmyra: Moving further east into Syria's interior towards Palmyra provides even more desert-like conditions with plenty of sunlight and spacious land that might be ideal for larger scale projects.

However, it should be noted that suitability also depends heavily on other factors such as infrastructure accessibility (roads & transmission lines), land ownership rights & usage restrictions (agricultural or protected lands), local population density among others - all which need thorough assessment before any project development decision can be made.

Lastly but importantly given Syria's current conflict situation - security risks would have to be carefully evaluated too when considering any kind of infrastructure development in different parts of country including near Damascus.

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Compare this location to others worldwide for solar PV potential

The solar PV analyses available on our website, including this one, are offered as a free service to the global community. Our aim is to provide education and aid informed decision-making regarding solar PV installations.

However, please note that these analyses are general guidance and may not meet specific project requirements. For in-depth, tailored forecasts and analysis crucial for feasibility studies or when pursuing maximum ROI from your solar projects, feel free to contact us; we offer comprehensive consulting services expressly for this purpose.

Helping you assess viability of solar PV for your site

Calculate Your Optimal Solar Panel Tilt Angle: A Comprehensive Guide

Enhance your solar panel's performance with our in-depth guide. Determine the best tilt angle using hard data, debunk common misunderstandings, and gain insight into how your specific location affects solar energy production.

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